About 149,000 people made claims in advance and could qualify for shares from the fund; others with opioid use disorder and the survivors of those who died are shut out. None of the descendants of Arthur M. Sackler have ever had anything to do with, or benefited from, the sale of OxyContin.'. The family, once famous for its philanthropic donations, has seen its name stripped from major arts, medical and education institutions. He and his first wife, Else started in the 1940s with contemporary artists like Marc Chagall before he focused on Asian art. Others are disappointed in the paltry $750 million victim's compensation fund. Quay House, The Ambury, Bath BA1 1UA. Iowa, Kansas, Maryland, West Virginia and Wisconsin are suing only Richard Sackler, and Utah is suing Richard and Kathe. He paid for his medical-school tuition by working at a small New York ad agency that specialized in the medical field. Americans whose lives were wrecked by the opioid crisis finally had the chance to . A US judge has approved a bankruptcy plan for the maker of OxyContin painkillers, shielding its wealthy owners the Sacklers from further legal action over their roles . A protest against the Sacklers outside the Louvre. Sophie Sackler, the daughter of Mortimer and Theresa, is married to the former English cricket star Jamie Dalrymple, and they live in a nine-bedroom $40 million home in the Chelsea neighborhood of London. Eight members of the billionaire Sackler family who own Purdue Pharma, the maker of the controversial opioid prescription painkiller OxyContin, are being sued by multiple American cities, counties and states. Another objector was the U.S. Arthur showed an early interest in collecting art. I believe the Sackler family should know what their greed has caused, the widow, Stephanie Lubinski, wrote. Steve Miller, the chairman of Purdues board, said in a statement that the plan ensures that billions of dollars will be devoted to helping people and communities who have been hurt by the opioid crisis.. Documents revealed during years of litigation and as part of a lengthy bankruptcy proceeding for Purdue Pharma show some members of the Sackler family pushed aggressively to boost prescription opioid sales. A former . The report was damning: 29 per cent of Pike County residents said they personally knew, or someone in their family knew of someone who had died of an OxyContin overdoes, and 70 per cent of the sampled demographic said OxyContin was 'devastating' to the area. Purdue Pharma, the originator of time-release versions of powerful prescription painkillers, is the highest-profile company out of many that have faced lawsuits over the crisis. I am very aware of the impact that this companys products have had on hundreds of thousands of people, he said. The family got to keep their hard-fought immunity deal in exchange for agreeing to other conditions that would allow for museums, universities and other institutions to remove the Sackler name from buildings and scholarships. According to the New York Times, Raymond and Mortimer studied skin burns for the Atomic Energy Commission before they were fired for refusing to sign an oath promising to report colleagues having conversations that were considered 'subversive.'. (if applicable) for The Wall Street Journal. Rather, it dissolves into a gel-like substance which makes it more difficult to be injected. Still, drug deaths climbed, particularly in rural areas where there is more manual labor. You will be charged As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. The entity receiving the assets will focus on tackling opioid addiction. The ascent of the Sackler family is a remarkable rags to riches story that starts with the unlikely rise of three brothers from Brooklyn: Arthur, Mortimer and Raymond, the sons of Jewish grocers who emigrated from Eastern Europe. His ad featured an assortment of doctors' business cards next to the phrase: 'More and more physicians find Sigmamycin the antibiotic therapy of choice.' Ed Bisch, whose 18-year-old son died of an overdose 20 years ago, is glad states pushed Sackler family members to pay more but still called the settlement "a horrible deal" because so many parents . All eight are accused collectively in lawsuits of: Directing Purdue Pharma aggressively to push deceptive OxyContin marketing materials to health care providers, aimed at getting more and more patients on Purdues drugs for longer and longer periods of time at high doses. The prospect of Sacklers left relatively unscathed has led some members of Congress to introduce a bill that would prevent protections for owners in similar situations. In 2018, a Bel Air estate transferred for $22.5 million in an all-cash deal which Dirt traced back to the Sackler family. If you think someone is overdosing, call 911 right away. 'Guess what? But this is what the legal system is going to produce. Cheryl Juaire holds photographs of her sons, Corey Merrill and Sean Merrill who she lost to addiction and overdose. Judge Robert Drain of the U.S. Bankruptcy Court in White Plains, N.Y., approved the settlement, saying he wanted modest adjustments. But the costs of further delay, he said, and the benefits of an agreement he described as remarkable in its ability to help abate the epidemic, tilted toward approval. Kathe Sackler, the daughter of Mortimer Sackler (who died in 2010 and co-owned Purdue Pharma with his brother Raymond), said in December 2020 while testifying before the House oversight. The Sackler family owns Purdue Pharma, which makes the painkiller drug OxyContin. The billionaire family whose company created and pushed the addictive painkiller OxyContin had managed to. Amid a cascade of litigation all remaining Sacklers stepped down from the board of directors in April 2019. Payouts will be assessed at a sliding scale, with an average of $5,000 per family. This strategy was a massive commercial success. Purdue Pharma is being sued by nearly every US state. This was a passion driven purchase for a trophy property. The nation was pounded by a spiraling epidemic of opioid abuse and overdose deaths. Copyright 2023 Market Realist. Aim to establish an ongoing dialogue in short spurts rather than one long, formal conversation. During this time, he began to come under intense scrutiny for false advertising. Yesterday, the Sackler dynasty, owners of Purdue Pharma and makers of the powerful prescription painkiller, OxyContin, reached a landmark $6 billion agreement over its role in fueling the opioid epidemic that led to the deaths of more than 500,000 people. Ryan Hampton, a survivor of opioid addiction and recovery advocate, on Thursday in Manhattan, N.Y. Family members and victims of the opioid crisis gave statements to the U.S. Bankruptcy Court. The settlement terms have been harshly criticized for shielding the Sacklers. The property was long owned by Raymond and Beverly Sackler, property records show. As far back as the 1990s, Kathe Sackler knew that patients frequently suffer harm when high doses of an opioid are used for long periods of time.. Though it was billed a miracle 12-hour drug, doctors were hearing increasingly from patients that it didn't last nearly that long. Especially because the deal allowed the Sacklers topay off claimants through bankruptcy of their company, while keeping their own personal wealth. I hope you ask for God's forgiveness for your actions. Judge Robert Drain, who presided over the hearing from his court room in White Plains, N.Y., noted that the Sacklers agreed voluntarily to take part. The Sacklers are descendants of Isaac Sackler and Sophie Greenberg, Jewish immigrants who arrived in the U.S. from Galicia. As part of their Chapter 11 proposal, they agreed to pay $4.5 billion and give up all ownership of the company in exchange for complete immunity in all future opioid liability. The townhouse was built in the late 1870s. Desiree Rios for NPR They were especially fascinated by psychopharmacology as an alternative to other treatments like electroshock therapy for psychiatric disorders. Members of the Sackler family became the personification of the epidemic's villains. 'Many of us hoped to be first in the settlementas the people actually harmed by OxyContin. But soon afterward, reports began surfacing of OxyContin pills being stolen from pharmacies and crushed and snorted. Other Sacklers struck a more conciliatory note, saying they were horrified that a medication intended to alleviate pain had, in fact, caused pain to so many. Riley was born with neonatal abstinence syndrome due to her dependency on opioids. Lisa Becker said her family has suffered because of an addiction that started through OxyContin. One letter he noted was from a Minneapolis widow with Stage 4 cancer. The deal officially dissolves the multi-billion dollar behemoth Purdue Pharma L.P., and puts an end to an American dream turned toxic. Laughably marketed as a safer alternative to morphine, the over-prescription of the highly addictive drug has led to an epidemic recently labeled a public health emergency, with a . Raymond Sackler, who died in 2017 aged 97, was the youngest of the three brothers, but his branch of the family has been the most active in Purdue. Using their OxyContin lucre, the Sacklers burnished their reputation through charity by donating lavishly to prestigious medical schools and world-class art galleries - this in turn drew fierce criticism from those who believed that the family was using their deep pockets to obscure the dark source of their wealth. Another fund will compensate 130,485 individuals and families of those who suffered from addiction or died from an overdose, in amounts ranging from $3,500 to $48,000. There are two key differences between the the latest Purdue settlement and the previous one struck last year. Against Richard, Jonathan, Kathe and Mortimer: In 1999, Richard Sackler became the chief executive of Purdue and Jonathan, Kathe, and Mortimer were vice-presidents when the company hired hundreds of sales representatives and taught them false claims to use to sell drugs. UK Oxford University, Glasgow University, University of London, Westminster Abbey, Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, Natural History Museum. The most ferocious battle was fought over the extent to which the Sacklers would be released from Purdue-related lawsuits. In May 2018, six statesFlorida, Nevada, North Carolina, North Dakota, Tennessee and Texasfiled lawsuits over Purdue's deceptive marketing practices, adding to 16 previously filed lawsuits by other U.S. states and Puerto Rico. He also is a son of. 'In terms of narcotic firepower, OxyContin was a nuclear weapon,' writes Barry Meier in his book, Pain Killer: A Wonder Drug's Tale of Addiction and Death. Richard Sackler, who is divorced, is in a long-term relationship with a professor at the Yale School of Medicine, Josephine Hoh; according to "Unsettled," he has "lavished gifts on her,. Arthur, the eldest, had a knack for marketing. The Sackler family owners of Purdue Pharma have proposed a new and larger settlement worth up to $6 billion to resolve allegations that the OxyContin maker and its owners contributed to the deadly . The first trial in any of the cases where the Sacklers personally are being sued by US local or state government is likely to be in spring 2020 in a case involving New York state and most of the states cities and counties and led by Suffolk county. "In 2020, I was hospitalized with depression because I couldn't face another Mother's Day without him," she said. The Sacklers reveal little. Members of the Sackler family agreed last year to pay $4.325bn "to resolve private and public claims against the bankrupt maker of OxyContin and . Fentanyl is a potent and fast-acting drug, two qualities that also make it highly addictive. Many of the people who testified held up photographs of dead loved ones. Sackler family - billionaire owners of OxyContin creator Purdue Pharma - reaches deal with nine state AGs to pay up to $6B for their role in fueling opioid crisis and can't deny organizations who want to remove their name from their buildings. Members of the Sackler family bought stock in Peak Resorts Inc., the company that sold the ski resorts, in 2015, according to the Post. Nearly two decades after a letter to the Editor of the New England Journal of Medicine pioneered OxyContin's initial safety the same publication condemned it. One of Arthur's daughters has defended her branch of the Sackler family. Washington D.C. (May 13, 2021) On Tuesday, June 8, 2021, at 10:00 a.m. Today, it's the leading cause of death in America greater than gun violence and car accidents combined and has devastated families across the country. By 2002, OxyContin was leading the nation in pain relief, accounting for 68 per cent of all oxycodone sales. In September 2019, Purdue, facing 2,900 lawsuits, 628 of which named the Sacklers, filed for bankruptcy restructuring, which paused all claims. Only take pills that were prescribed by your doctor and came from a licensed pharmacy. Ryan Hampton, a survivor of opioid addiction and recovery advocate, on Thursday in Manhattan, N.Y. Family members and victims of the opioid crisis gave statements to the U.S. Bankruptcy Court with the Sackler family, who own Purdue Pharma LP. The former fixtures of New York's high society, were suddenly persona non grata. BY Carmela Chirinos. We will stomp it out of existence. Eventually he lost his job. US universities Yale, Columbia*, MIT, Tufts, NYU, University of Connecticut, University of Washington*. Trustee, a program under the Department of Justice that monitors bankruptcy cases. The property was long. By 2014, local governments began filing lawsuits against Purdue. The Sackler family reached a deal with attorney generals from California, Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington and D.C. on Thursday over the role that their company, Purdue Pharma, had in America's opioid crisis. Weve lost two generations to their greed.'. An apology is not something Sackler family members have unequivocally offered in the past, but the new settlement gives victims a rare forum in court to address the Sacklers by videoconference on March 9. Activists of P.A.I.N. May God have mercy on your souls," Scarpone said. Judge Drain had largely excluded the voices of victims during the two years. Members of the Sackler family, owner of OxyContin maker Purdue Pharma, are living near Boca Raton in a sprawling mansion bought for $7.4 million. They weighed becoming an end-to-end provider. If youre concerned that a loved one could be exposed to fentanyl, you may want to buy naloxone. Experts say that most people who become addicted to heroin began as OxyContin users who were prescribed the drug for a legitimate medical condition. It was take it or leave it, said Ryan Hampton, who resigned on Tuesday as co-chairman of a watchdog committee of plaintiffs, appointed by the federal government. The company has a global footprint. The Sacklers spoke briefly to confirm their presence, but did not respond to the testimony. In 2016, the family had a net worth of $13 billion. Using data from I.M.S, a company co-founded by Arthur Sackler, Purdue would analyze the prescribing habits of doctors and know which ones to target in their sales pitch. The Louvre museum in Paris has removed the name Sackler from a major wing devoted to eastern antiquities. Mortimer, who was always the flashiest of the three siblings, used the new Sackler Wing to host an extravagant birthday party that featured a cake with his face, designed after the Great Sphinx. If youre concerned that a loved one could be exposed to fentanyl, you may want to buy naloxone. And opioid claims could be brought against the as-yet unnamed new company, which is independent of Purdue, if it breaches strict controls intended to closely monitor sales and distribution. That's an increase of more than $1 billion over a previous version . Purdue reportedly paid $4 billion to the Sackler family between. Raymond Sackler's House. For Suzanne Domagala, of Millville, Delaware, even a modest payout to victims from the Sackler family is important, though she is still upset that the wealthy family is getting protection from lawsuits. 'The families have consistently affirmed that settlement is by far the best way to help solve a serious and complex public health crisis. A US federal judge rejected OxyContin maker Purdue Pharma's bankruptcy settlement of lawsuits over the opioid epidemic because of a provision that would protect members of the Sackler family from . Judge Drain delivered his ruling orally from the bench in a marathon session that ran to six hours, meticulously working through his reasoning in a case he called the most complex he had ever faced. I dont think anybody would say that justice has been done because theres just so much harm that was caused, and so much money that has been retained by the company and by the family, said Dr. Joshua Sharfstein, a professor at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health who developed a set of priorities for opioid settlement funds. All profits will go toward addiction treatment and prevention programs. Their children and grandchildren enjoyed a life of luxury, attended the finest schools, and became fixtures on the glitzy society circuit. Addressing Dr. Sackler directly, Ryan Hampton, who is in recovery from opioid addiction himself, said, "In 2001, you wrote famously 'We have to hammer on the abusers in every way possible . Another hotly contested point was the immunity provision that absolves the Sacklers from future opioid related lawsuits. . The development and marketing of OxyContin was mainly the purview of Raymond's son, Richard Sackler, whojoined the family firm in 1971 after graduating from medical school. But no one apologized or took personal responsibility. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Thanks for contacting us. OxyContin came on the market in 1996, at a time when doctors were being exhorted to recognize and treat pain, a symptom that the medical profession had tended to disregard as psychological or fleeting. I have called for a criminal indictment against the Sackler family. https://www.wsj.com/articles/a-real-estate-empire-tied-to-purdue-pharma-11605206747. While the settlement serves as a benchmark in the nationwide opioid litigation aimed at covering governments costs and compensating families, it also means that a full accounting of Purdues role in the epidemic will never unfold in open court. At the launch party for OxyContin in 1996, Richard said the drugs debut will be followed by a blizzard of prescriptions that will bury the competition., Amid increasing evidence of abuse of and addiction to the pills, Richard wrote in an email: We have to hammer on the abusers in every way possible. The death rate increased almost threefold from 1999 to 2017, and 130 people were dying daily from opioid-related overdoses. Despite the hefty $6 billion settlement , the Sackler family will be able to maintain the bulk of their personal wealth that was moved to off-shore accounts before their Chapter 11 filing. Several states, including Connecticut and Washington State, have already said they intend to appeal the judges ruling. She also served on the governance committee of Rhodes Pharma, a company owned by the Sacklers selling a generic version of OxyContin. You will be barred. (A special filing in bankruptcy court revealed that the family moved $1.36 billion to off-shore accounts as lawsuits mounted against them). In addition, despite the fact that heroin deaths are rising among a younger population, he says that it is actually older people who are dying in greater numbers from OxyContin overdoses because they are prescribed it more often. Meanwhile, they are fighting the cases in court while also being involved in settlement talks. The Sacklers werent charged, but one lawsuit notes: The Sackler defendants voted to enter into a plea agreement that stated: Purdue is pleading guilty as described above because Purdue is in fact guilty.. That still makes it one of the wealthiest families in America, except the Sacklers were wealthier in the past. Companies that emerge from bankruptcy restructuring are granted considerable legal protections. The Mortimer Sackler branch and the Raymond Sackler branch each issued statements calling the resolution an important step in providing funds to address the public health crisis. Buy naloxone. The federal government reported there were 70,237 drug overdose deaths in the US in 2017. The billionaire Sackler family and their company, Purdue Pharma - makers of OxyContin - reached a settlement on Thursday over its role in the nation's deadly opioid crisis with nine state attorney generals, with the family boosting their cash contribution to as much as $6 billion. The buyer has an appreciation of the unique nature of the property. Then the family lost its home. "I want you to know that the things you have done and their deadly consequenceshave been seen," addiction activist Ryan Hampton said at the hearing. UK Tate Group*, Serpentine Gallery*, Victoria & Albert Museum and others, including the Museum of London, Royal College of Art, Natural History Museum, Royal Ballet School, Royal Opera House, National Gallery of Scotland. According to the New Yorker, the art scholar Thomas Lawton once likened Arthur, to 'a modern Medici.'. 'Thats why when youre looking at the costs of these things, money is such a trivial thing,' she said, 'but its the only way to exact any justice.'. The deal dwarfs the top pandemic-era trades in the hot Hamptons real estate market, where hedge fund manager Ken Griffin bought Calvin Kleins Southampton oceanfront castle estate, at 650 Meadow Lane, for $84.4 million. Four different people in the New Yorker's investigation claimed that these OxyContin-friendly pill-pushers were known as 'whales' internally - which is Las Vegas casino term reservedfor heavy gamblers. All three of the Sackler brothers owned stakes in Purdue Pharma. Sackler family erased suicide of drug-addled heir, new book reveals By Isabel Vincent April 10, 2021 2:01pm Updated Mortimer Sackler (with his third wife Theresa) and his family got rich off. Purdue pleaded guilty to federal criminal charges for drastically downplaying OxyContins addictive properties and, years later, for soliciting high-volume prescribers. As part of their Chapter 11 proposal, they agreed to pay $4.5 billion and give up all ownership of the company in exchange for complete immunity in all future opioid liability. Doug Kuntz. The strategiesthat Arthur developed in his career as an adman were critical to the painkiller's spectacular success. They own exclusive homes in London, New York, Beverly Hills and the Hamptons, and luxury estates in. A Dirt story later revealed several of the luxury homes the Sacklers own . In his 2003 book, the journalist Barry Meier, observed that Arthur treated his brothers 'not as siblings but more like his progeny and understudies.'. They point to $20 million shifted from a Purdue parent company to Sackler, who then redirected substantial amounts to shell companies that own family homes in Manhattan and the Hamptons. You may change your billing preferences at any time in the Customer Center or call Richard Sackler appeared only via audio; he is the former Purdue president and board chair who has said the company and family bear no responsibility for the opioid crisis. THE DEVELOPMENT OF OXYCONTIN AND A MARKETING BLITZ: Purdue's first juggernaut was a painkiller called MS Contin (short for 'continuous'), the morphine pill had a patented time release formula. Family members exchange photographs of their lost loved ones in the lobby of the Akin Gump law firm offices on Thursday in Manhattan, NY. Without any clinical studies, the FDA took the unwonted step in approving OxyContin for the treatment of moderate to severe pain. Yesterday's ruling comes after a years-long battle that began in 2014 when the pharmaceutical giant faced mounting lawsuits from individual claimants, state, local and tribal governments. 'This settlement resolves our claims against Purdue and the Sacklers, but we are not done fighting for justice against the addiction industry and against our broken bankruptcy code.'. With fentanyl, there is only a short window of time to intervene and save a persons life during an overdose. Dr. Richard Sackler, a former president and co-chairman of Purdues board of directors, said that neither the family, the company nor its products bore responsibility for the opioid epidemic. Leave a reply. Many of the largest corporations in the U.S. got involved in the opioid business and have paid large sums to settle a wave of lawsuits linked to the crisis. In all, the plan could be more than $10 billion over time. They are not admitting any wrongdoing and no court has found any. They also distributed OxyContin 'swag' including plush bears emblazoned with the drug's logo, fishing hats, and even a dance CD titled 'Swing Is Alive: Swing in the right direction with OxyContin'. In addition to Purdue Pharma, the Sacklers also own drugmaker Mundipharma. Sign In. Purdue Pharma was prosecuted in federal court in 2007 and fined $600m for crimes involving misleading regulators, doctors and patients about the dangers of OxyContin. According to internal budget plans uncovered by the New Yorker, the company described their sales force as its 'most valuable resource.' The family used its wealth from OxyContin sales to fund many philanthropic works. The new plan was hammered out with attorneys general from the eight states and D.C. who had opposed the earlier one, arguing that it did not properly hold Sackler family members accountable. The Sackler family filed for bankruptcy in 2019 due to thousands of lawsuits of which this is one after accusers said that their misleading and aggressive marketing of the controversial. That is a 'fraction of what we deserved to compensate for years of illness, family loss and death.'. The ruling in bankruptcy court caps a long legal battle over the fate of a company accused of fueling the opioid epidemic and the family that owns it. By January 2019, 36 states were suing Purdue Pharma. One glossy for the pill depicted a woman surrounded by concerned doctors and family members because of her 'psychic tension', a 20th century term for what is now just considered stress. But at times, the statements directed at members of the Sackler family were searing. Asked good questions, thoughtful questions, engaged in some debate over some questions from time to time.. Witnesses included David Sackler, former Member of the Board of Directors (2012 to 2018); Dr. Kathe Sackler, former Vice President and Member of the Board of Directors (1990 to 2018); and Craig Landau, President and CEO of Purdue Pharma. In part because of the success of Arthur's campaign, Valium became the first drug in US history to top $100 million in sales. The world sees you for what you really are.". Native American tribes have their own fund. Best-selling books, a TV mini-series, and high-profile magazine articles have portrayed some members of the family as major players in pushing opioid sales. Tate Delloye For Dailymail.com *By July 2019, these bodies had publicly announced they were forgoing any future Sackler funding. In 1974, the brothers donated $3.5 million (roughly $20 million in today's money) to the construction of a new wing holding the Met's crown jewel: the 2,000 year old Temple of Dendur, which was a gift from the Egyptian government. Submit comment. All . Another massive lawsuit filed on behalf of 600 US cities and counties across 28 states coast to coast, and eight Native American tribes, alleges: This nation is facing an unprecedented opioid addiction epidemic that was initiated and perpetuated by the Sackler defendants for their own financial gain.. Kathe and staff wrote down what Purdue had publicly denied: that addictive opioids and opioid addiction are naturally linked. The Roundhouse in London turned down a 1m donation from the family and the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City announced that it would stop accepting Sackler money. ", Holding up her husband's photograph, she said, "You will know his name, Troy Alan Lubinksi.". The Sackler family office, which manages the family's investments, is called Summer Road LLC. A small quantity goes a long way, so its easy to suffer an overdose. The sale appears to have been all-cash, and the mysterious entity that bought the place links back to somewhat surprisingly an address in Oklahoma. The crisis only got worse as negotiations dragged on, overdoses spiked to record levels during the pandemic. Stick to licensed pharmacies. So they wanted to make a product prescribed for common chronic pain - people with pain from cancer is not a common condition.'. Purdue Pharma, and some members of the family, have faced lawsuits regarding overprescription of addictive pharmaceutical drugs, including OxyContin.Purdue Pharma has been criticized for its role in the opioid epidemic in the United States. David Sackler, Richard Sackler and Theresa Sackler listened and watched during the roughly two-hour long hearing as people described surviving addiction and spoke of losing loved ones to the epidemic. William Tong, the attorney general of Connecticut, said in a statement that the latest settlement was a step in the right direction but still not enough for the victims. Immediately after Judge Drains ruling, its lawyer said he would be requesting a stay of the order, pending an appeal. Instead, we were last,' said Ryan Hampton, an advocate for those affected by the drug. Families of overdose victims see the settlement in different ways. But at the conclusion of testimony in August, he pointedly acknowledged the families whose tragedies were entwined with Purdues drug. E.T., Rep. Carolyn B. Maloney, the Chairwoman of the Committee on Oversight and Reform, will hold a hybrid hearing to examine the Sackler family's role in fueling America's opioid epidemic and policies to promote accountability, like the SACKLER Act.
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